[单选,材料题] According to this text__________.

阅读材料，回答下面的题目。
The Diminishing Scientific Leadership of the U, S.
With the rapid globalization of science itself ( more than 40 percent of scientific Ph.D. students trained in the United States are now foreign nationals, roughly half of whom return to their countries of origin ) , the once undisputed U.S.scientific lead, whether relevant to product lead or not, is diminishing.
The competition of foreign students for positions in U.S.graduate schools has also contributed to making scientific training relatively unattractive to U.S.students, because the rapidly increasing supply of students has diminished the relative rewards of this career path. For the best and brightest from low-income countries, a position as a research assistant in the United States is attractive, whereas the best and brightest U.S.students might now see better options in other fields. Science and engineering careers, to the extent that they are opening up to foreign competition ( whether imported or available through better communication ) , also seem to be becoming relatively less attractive to U.S. students.
With respect to the role of universities in the innovation process the speculative boom of the 1990s( which, among other things, made it possible to convert scientific findings into cash rather quickly ) was largely unexpected.The boom brought universities and their faculties into much closer contact with private markets as they tried to gain as much of the economic dividends from their discoveries as possible. For a while,the path between discoveries in basic science and new flows of hard cash was considerably shortened. But during the next few decades, this path will likely revert toward its more traditional length and reestablish in a healthy way, the more traditional ( and more independent ) relationship between the basic research done at universities and those entities that translate ideas into products and services.
In the intervening years, another new force also greatly facilitated globalization: the rapid growth of the Internet and cheap wide-bandwidth international communication. Today, complex design activities can take place in locations quite removed from manufacturing, other business functions and the consumer. Indeed, there is now ample opportunity for real-time communication between business functions that are quite independent of their specific locations. For example, software are development, with all its changes and complications, can to a considerable extent be done overseas for a U.S.customer.Foreign call centers can respond instantly to questions from thousands of miles away.The result is that low-wage workers in the Far East and in some other countries are coming into even more direct competition with a much wider spectrum of U.S. labor: unskilled in the case of call centers; more highly skilled in the case of programmers.

A . the careers unattractive to U. S. students may not be so to foreign students
B . science and engineering careers are unattractive exclusively to U．S．students
C . U．S．students age not courageous enough to face foreign competition
D . U．S．students are not well prepared to compete with foreign students

阅读材料，回答{TSE}题。 Government Policies and EconomyWhile he was off on his l978 tour，Americans were becoming disgusted with their lot as all“emerging second—class nation”，Wilson says．They began to see that incentives had to be restored to the economy．For instance，the capital gains tax was cut，an extraordinary turn—about．If it had been predicted before he went away in May，he would have said it was simply inconceivable as inconceivable as the prospect of Resorts going up1，000 percent．This momentous transformation in the U．S．should soon bring about a huge bull market． In the l940s and l950s，the last time price earning multiples were at these low levels，the investing public expected that there would be another great postwar depression．Instead，aRer the beginning of l953 it became apparent that there would not be one，and price-earnings multiples got so low this time that investors felt that the country was drifting into socialism．That drift，however，may be reversing direction．Wilson believes that the bankruptcy of New York City means the discrediting of big government，that as a result there will be less government，and that things in general will go much better．From l980’s depressed levels the market could rise to twenty times doubled earnings or almost fivefold in five to seven years．Wilson believes that he’ll be worth hundreds of millions of dollars before it’s over．{TS}From paragraph l，we can infer that Resorts is__________． a company that involves many capital gains。 a company that has little hope of rapid growth。 a company that benefited from capital gains tax。 a company that stimulates the economy。 This text is mainly about__________． the scientific leadership of the U．S．。 the shortage of scientists in the U．S．。 the rapid globalization of science 。 better communication and globalization。 All of the following might have contributed to globalization except__________． the unprecedented development of Intemet。 the closer contact of universities with private markets。 real time communication between business functions。 the prevalence of wide bandwidth international communication。 What do we leam about Ana Castro from the last paragraph? By saying“we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are”(Line 2，Para．4)，Mayor Anderson means“__________”． we will turn a blind eye to your illegal status。 we will examine the laws in a different way。 there are other ways of enforcing the law。 the existing laws must not be ignored。 According to this text__________.

参考答案：

● 参考解析

【答案】A
【解析】在文章第二段中，“For the best and brightest from low-income countries，a position as a research assistant in the United States is attractive，whereas the best and brightest U．S．students might nOW see better options in other fields”可看出，A项与其意思相符，美国和其他国家的学生兴趣不同，而并不是美国学生没有勇气和没准备好去面对竞争，可排除c，D选项，而8项过于绝对。

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[单选,材料题] According to this text__________.

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